GRAPHENE, MULTI-CHINANGWA ZVINOKOSHA
Graphene chinhu chitsva chichagadzirisa zvatinoshandisa mbatya.
Yakataurwa kare muchinyorwa chedu pamachira matsva, graphene iri kuramba ichikonzera kusagadzikana. Uye nechikonzero chakanaka. Akawanikwa muna2004 nevatsvagiri vaviri vanobva kuYunivhesiti yeManchester, André Geim naKonstantin Novoselov, uye vakapihwa mubairo weNobel weFizikiki muna2010, izvi zvisati zvamboitika zvinhu zvinozvirumbidza zvakawanda zvakasarudzika.
Kutora chimiro cheimwe chete rukoko rweatomu dzekabhoni dzakarongedzwa munzira yehuchi, graphene inouya iri yakachena fomu, isina zvinowedzera kana kemesitiri. Yakarongedzwa mumaconion-akapetwa machira, ayo akapfava uye akawandisa pamusoro uye ayo anopisa uye emagetsi zvivakwa zvinoita iyo inokodzera mukwikwidzi wemachira kusangana, kuwedzera kune kwayo kwezvakatipoteredza mashandiro, sezvo graphene inotora mahydrocarbon uye organic zvigadzirwa.
Graphene inogona kurondedzerwa seatomu rimwe gobvu rakapetana re graphite. Ndicho chakakosha chimiro cheimwe allotropes, kusanganisira graphite, marasha, kabhoni nanotubes uye fullerenes. Iyo inogona zvakare kutariswa seinogara isingaperi isingaperi inonhuhwirira mamorekuru, iyo inogumira kesi yemhuri yemapuroteni polycyclic anonhuwirira mahydrocarbon. Tsvagiridzo yeGraphene yakawedzera nekukasira kubvira chinhu chakatanga kusarudzwa muna2004. Tsvagurudzo yakaziviswa nerondedzero yedzidziso yehunhu hwema graphene, chimiro uye zvivakwa, izvo zvese zvakaverengerwa makumi emakore apfuura. Yakakwira-mhando graphene zvakare yakaratidza kuva kunoshamisa nyore kupatsanura, ichiita kuti kumwe kutsvagurudza kuvepo Andre Geim naKonstantin Novoselov paUniversity yeManchester vakahwina mubairo weNobel muFizikiki muna2010 “pakuedza kwekuyedza kwepamusoro-soro kwezvinhu zviviri zvinonzi graphene.
Micheka yeGraphene-yakaputirwa yakawanikwa nekemikari kudzikiswa kwegraphene oxide. Kuitisa machira akawanikwa achishandisa akati wandei graphene kupfeka. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy yakaratidza hunhu hwekuita hwemachira. Scan ratidziro yakakosha paramende muhunhu ne cyclic voltammetry. Kuongorora electrochemical microscopy kwakaratidza kuwedzera kwemagetsi.